![]() ![]() “people will now watch your dealings as you used to watch the dealings of the rulers before you, and they (people) will criticise you as you criticised them (rulers)” 3 It reads as a perfect to-do list for those who wish to govern, and is relevant to anyone who is about to take a position of authority or power. Imam Ali (AS) wrote a beautiful letter with a document of instructions to Malik Al-Ashtar, when Malik was appointed as the Governor of Egypt and the surrounding areas. “realise that your Imam has contented himself with two shabby pieces of cloth out of the (comfort of the) world, and two loaves for his meal…support me in piety, exertion, chastity and uprightness…Shall I lie with a satiated belly while around me there are many hungry bellies and thirsty livers?” 2 Imam Ali (AS) was well known for his uncompromising stance on the importance of social justice for all, and often placed himself with those who had the least, Therefore he must prioritise fair and equal treatment of all. Imam Ali (AS) emphasises the importance of awareness that, especially in a position of power, one is under constant scrutiny and will be judged according to his actions. “I never thought that you would accept the feast of a people who turn out the beggars and invite the rich.” 2 On hearing that he attended the invitations of the rich but failed to attend those of the poor, Imam Ali wrote: This is made clear in a letter written to Othman ibn Hunaif, who was the governor of Basrah. A leader who associates only with the rich and powerful has oppressed those who are not privy to those assets or that power. There is an emphasis on leadership protecting the rights of citizens, and for a leader to place him or herself with those that are most vulnerable within society. The duty of a leader is to provide justice and maintain the rights of the individual and society as well as to ensure that there is no oppression. He reminds us that each member of society has a responsibility to fulfill their duty, but none more so than those who have taken positions of power and leadership. It is important to remember that he took a position in government only in order to serve the people and deliver justice. This saying reminds leaders of the importance of leading by example, and rejecting hypocrisy. His teaching of others must be first by setting an example rather than with his words, for he who begins by teaching and educating himself is more worthy of respect than he who teaches and educates others.” 1 “He who has appointed himself an Imam (ruler) of the people must begin by teaching himself before teaching others. ![]() The United Nations has taken Imam Ali (AS) as an example in establishing a government based on democracy and justice, and in fact, their 2002 Arab Human Development Report listed a number of sayings from Imam Ali (AS) relating to ideal governance: Throughout NB he promotes the concept of justice in terms of self, family, society and environment. Imam Ali (AS) was renowned for many things, most of all the severity of his justice, much to the distress of corrupt individuals around him. ![]() “We have already sent Our messengers with clear evidences and sent down with them the Scripture and the balance that the people may maintain in justice.” 57:25 We are told in the Quran that Allah (SWT) has sent messengers so that people can rise for justice This includes both God’s justice as well as social justice. There are a wide variety of topics discussed in NB: one very important concept which is emphasised throughout is that of justice. Although controversial to many at the time of its publication due to the omission of the chain of narration, much effort has been made in recent years to trace the chain for purposes of authentication, using both traditional Sunni and Shia sources. Nahjul Balagha (NB) is a collection of letters, sermons and sayings of Imam Ali (AS) compiled by Sayed Sharif Razi 300 years after Imam Ali’s death. The following article, part one of three series, will explore how it relates to concepts and practices at a societal level. ![]() Three areas were chosen to be looked at at our study circles: societal, familial and individual. Nahjul Balagha (The Peak of Eloquence) uniquely sheds light on and has an impact on our lives from many aspects. ![]()
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![]() ![]() In the electron transport, as envisaged by Peter Mitchell, the respiratory chain is folded into 3 oxidation-reduction (o/r) loops. Each pair of reducing equivalents provides the osmotic energy to make one mole of ATP. In each loop, 2 protons are carried out through the loop from Matrix to inter membrane space the corresponding pair of electrons is then carried back from the outer to the inner surface of the membrane. Each loop corresponds functionally to the coupling sites I, II and III of the chemical hypothesis respectively. He opined that hydrogen carrying and electron carrying proteins alternate in the respiratory chain to form 3 “functional loops” called the “oxidation-reduction loops” (=O/R loops). ‘ Mitchell’ has proposed a fantastic scheme which is based on the first that reducing on the fact that reducing equivalents are transferred as ‘H’ atoms by some of the electron carriers (such as “Fe-S” center and cytochromes). (ii) Proton transport mechanism (i) Redox loop mechanism: Two theories established to explain the pumping of protons. ATP synthesis coupled to electron transfer doesn’t occur in soluble preparations or in membrane4 fragments lacking well-defined inside and outside compartments. (d) A closed compartment is essential for oxidative phosphorylation. Their return drives ATP formation by ATP synthase. ![]() Reductase and Cyt.oxidse pump protons out of the matrix. (b) ATP is synthesized when a PH gradient is impose4d on mitochondria in the absence of electron transport. The PH outside is 1.4units lower than inside and the membrane potential is 0.14V, the outside being positive. (a) Electron transport generates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Mitchell’s hypothesis, oxidative phosphorylations are coupled by a part on gradient is now supported by a wealth of evidence: ![]() This proton motive force (pmf) drives the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase complex. Protons accumulate outside the membrane, creating “electrochemical potential difference”. “The transport of electrons from inside to outside of inner-mitochondrial membrane is accompanied by the generation of a proton gradient across the membrane. Peter Mitchell in 1961 (Nobel prize, 1978) proposed the chemiosmotic theory to explain the oxidative phosphorylation. The disadvantage with this mechanism is, it has little experimental support. The retention of activate4d protein, drives the ATP synthesis. These activated proteins in some way associated with ‘ATP synthase’. According to this hypothesis, electron transport cause4s activation of proteins of inner mitochondrial membrane. So, the hypothesis not agreed by so many scientists. The difficulty with this mechanism is no appropriate reactive intermediate have been identified. Its phosphate group is transferred from Enzyme intermediate to ADP. According to this synthesis electron transport yields reactive intermediates whose break down drives oxidative phosphorylation.Įg: In Glycolysis, oxidation of Gly-3-P by NAD+ gives 1,3-bis P glycerate. It was proposed by “Edward Slater” & “Lehninger (1967)”. But some are discussed below (1) Chemical coupling hypothesis: Many hypothesis have been formulates to explain the coupling of electron – transport and ATP synthesis. The Endergonic synthesis of ATP from ADP and pi in mitochondria is called “ Oxidative phosporylation”, which is catalyzed by the enzyme “ ATP synthase” (or) “ mitochondrial ATPase “ (or) “ H+-ATPase” because it was discovered through its catalysis of hydrolytic reaction. What is the definition of Oxidative Phosphorylation. ![]() ![]() Thus, if the company’s PPL are fully depreciated, their ratio will be equal to their sales for the period. Similarly, if a company doesn’t keep reinvesting in new equipment, this metric will continue to rise year over year because the accumulated depreciation balance keeps increasing and reducing the denominator. If a company uses an accelerated depreciation method like double declining depreciation, the book value of their equipment will be artificially low making their performance look a lot better than it actually is. Remember we always use the net PPL by subtracting the depreciation from gross PPL. What is Fixed Asset Turnover Used For?Īccelerated depreciation is one of the main factors. There are a few outside factors that can also contribute to this measurement. Keep in mind that a high or low ratio doesn’t always have a direct correlation with performance. It might also be low because of manufacturing problems like a bottleneck in the value chain that held up production during the year and resulted in fewer than anticipated sales. Also, they might have overestimated the demand for their product and overinvested in machines to produce the products. For example, they might be producing products that no one wants to buy. This could be due to a variety of factors. Outsourcing would maintain the same amount of sales and decrease the investment in equipment at the same time.Ī low turn over, on the other hand, indicates that the company isn’t using its assets to their fullest extent. It could also mean that the company has sold off its equipment and started to outsource its operations. Since using the gross equipment values would be misleading, we always use the net asset value that’s reported on the balance sheet by subtracting the accumulated depreciation from the gross.īusinesses often purchase and sell equipment throughout the year, so it’s common for investors and creditors to use an average net asset figure for the denominator by adding the beginning balance to the ending balance and dividing by two.Īnalysis What is a Good Fixed Assets Turnover?Ī high turn over indicates that assets are being utilized efficiently and large amount of sales are generated using a small amount of assets. The fixed asset turnover ratio formula is calculated by dividing net sales by the total property, plant, and equipment net of accumulated depreciation.Īs you can see, it’s a pretty simple equation. ![]() Let’s take a look at how to calculate fixed asset turnover. They measure the return on their purchases using more detailed and specific information. ![]() ![]() Management typically doesn’t use this calculation that much because they have insider information about sales figures, equipment purchases, and other details that aren’t readily available to external users. Creditors, on the other hand, want to make sure that the company can produce enough revenues from a new piece of equipment to pay back the loan they used to purchase it. This is particularly true in the manufacturing industry where companies have large and expensive equipment purchases. This concept is important to investors because they want to be able to measure an approximate return on their investment. Investors and creditors use this formula to understand how well the company is utilizing their equipment to generate sales. In other words, it calculates how efficiently a company is a producing sales with its machines and equipment. Definition: The fixed asset turnover ratio is an efficiency ratio that measures a companies return on their investment in property, plant, and equipment by comparing net sales with fixed assets. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() This book is for instructors who think that most calculus textbooks are too long. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version. Essential Calculus: Early Transcendentals. ESSENTIAL CALCULUS: EARLY TRANSCENDENTALS features the same attention to detail, eye for innovation, and meticulous accuracy that have made Stewart's textbooks the best-selling calculus texts in the world. Among the many applications of integral calculus to physics and engineering, we consider three: work, force due to water pressure, and centers of mass. Buy a discounted Hardcover of Essential Calculus online from Australias leading. The author achieved this relative brevity primarily by condensing the exposition and by putting some of the features on the book's website, Despite the more compact size, the book has a modern flavor, covering technology and incorporating material to promote conceptual understanding, though not as prominently as in Stewart's other books. Booktopia has Essential Calculus, Early Transcendentals by James Stewart. The book is only 900 pages-two-thirds the size of Stewart's other calculus texts, and yet it contains almost all of the same topics. In writing the book, James Stewart asked himself: What is essential for a three-semester calculus course for scientists and engineers? ESSENTIAL CALCULUS: EARLY TRANSCENDENTALS, Second Edition, offers a concise approach to teaching calculus that focuses on major concepts, and supports those concepts with precise definitions, patient explanations, and carefully graded problems. Stewarts ESSENTIAL CALCULUS: EARLY TRANSCENDENTALS, ENHANCED EDITION offers a concise approach to teaching calculus that focuses on major concepts and supports. Summary Essential Calculus: Early Transcendentals Lahore University of Management Sciences Essential Calculus: Early Transcendentals (2nd Edition) Book Edition.Cape Peninsula University of Technology. ![]() ![]()
![]() ![]() Poster House, 119 West 23rd Street, (917)-722-2439, Poster House for PH Teens x Drop-In: Horror House on Thursday, October 27th from 4 – 6 pm. People’s Improv Theater, 154 West 29th Street, (212)-563-7488, ready to laugh at PIT’s Schemes and Screams Halloween Party on Saturday the 29th at 9 pm. Dress up as your favorite literary character and enjoy food & cocktails as well as book and merch giveaways. ![]() Pen + Brush, 29 East 22nd Street, (212)-475-3669, + Brush is hosting a Halloween Literary Bash on Saturday the 29th from 7 – 10 pm. ![]() ![]() Dress to impress for a chance to win best costume prizes. Oscar Wilde NYC, 45 West 27th Street, (212)-213-3066, if you dare! Oscar Wilde NYC is having a Creepy Circus Party on Saturday the 29th. Kim’s for Halloween fun, including a costume contest on Friday the 28th and a karaoke contest on Saturday the 29th for a chance to win prizes! $20 entry. Luminary, 1204 Broadway, 4th Floor, (646)-876-8680, the candy, bring a friend, and connect in style at Luminary’s Halloween Happy Hour on Monday, October 31st from 5 – 7 pm. Festivities include a live DJ, drink & food specials, costume contest with 1st, 2nd, and 3rd place cash prizes. John Doe Craft Bar & Kitchen, 253 Fifth Avenue, (646)-882-4007, to John Doe for Fright Night on Saturday the 29th. The James New York – NoMad, 22 East 29th Street, (212)-532-4100, spooky at The James with Witchy Wisdoms and Halloween Makeup! Meet the witch-in-residence Shawn Engel for a tarot reading and makeup by a costume cosmetician on Thursday, October 27th from 5 – 7 pm. Hole in the Wall, 37 West 24th Street, (646)-726-4277, themed cocktails at Australian restaurant Hole in the Wall, including Witches Brew, Spooktini, and Black Magic Margarita. Email to make a reservation.Įataly, 200 Fifth Avenue, (212)-229-2560, out Eataly Flatiron’s wonderful pumpkin display and choose a pumpkin or two perfect for carving jack-o-lanterns. This free event will feature elements integral to this historical Mexican tradition including baile folklórico and family activities.īounce Sporting Club, 55 West 21st Street, (212)-675-8007, in the spirit at Bounce’s Circus Halloween Party featuring DJs Nicky Rizz and Rick Wonder on Friday the 28th, DJ Petie on Saturday the 29th, and special guest DJs on Sunday the 30th. The tour will feature spooky stories and scary events that happened in the neighborhood, and will begin at the tip of the Flatiron Building on 23rd Street (east of Fifth Avenue).ĭía de Muertos, Flatiron North Plaza, (212)-741-2323, us for our first ever Día de Muertos celebration on Wednesday, November 2nd from 12 – 4 pm in the Flatiron North Plaza. Tour of the Dead – Walking Tour, Flatiron Building, (212)-741-2323, Sunday, October 30th at 11 am, join the Flatiron NoMad Partnership and historian, Miriam Berman, for a free Tour of the Dead – Walking Tour. Also, shop for themed accessories and décor. Spirit Halloween, 655 Sixth Avenue, (855)-704-2669, your costume at the seasonal pop-up Spirit Halloween. Halloween is right around the corner! Now’s the time to get a killer costume, enjoy sweet treats, and celebrate at themed parties in the neighborhood.Ībracadabra NYC, 19 West 21st Street, (212)-627-5194, local establishment for over 40 years, Abracadabra NYC has all the Halloween costumes, props, and accessories you’ll need. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ( Majeed et al., 2016) along with few strains of Saccharomyces spp. Other preferred bacteria include strains of Enterococcus, Streptococcus and Bacillus spp. ![]() are the two globally recognized groups of bacteria that are being consumed for their potential health benefits. Among the large number of suggested options, probiotic therapy seems to be the most viable one, with long history of consumption and assured safety. The consumer awareness, search for alternate, safe and cost-effective treatments, and concern of developing antibiotic resistance has compelled researchers to find an alternate to ongoing therapeutic regimes, mainly dependent over antibiotics. ![]() Probiotics have also found application in animal feed for prevention of gastrointestinal infections, with extensive use in the poultry and aquaculture industries ( Hong et al., 2005). Different dairy/functional foods/dietary supplements and pharma formulations harbor probiotic strains, intended for various health benefits in humans. Probiotic formulations are being developed and standardized for both human and animal consumption. Probiotics are live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits to the host ( FAO/WHO, 2002). The term Probiotics, taken as an un-challenged synonym to beneficial microbes, has gained popularity over the years and has found application in several general health and clinical scenarios. The interest in the field of beneficial microbes has emerged multiple folds since its inception by the Russian Noble laureate, Elie Metchnikoff. Moreover, the growing need to evaluate the safety of individual Bacillus strains as well as species on a case by case basis and necessity of more profound analysis for the selection and identification of Bacillus probiotic candidates are also taken into consideration. and presents an overview of the proposed health benefits, including application in food and pharmaceutical industry. This review highlights the probiotic candidature of spore forming Bacillus spp. and their substantiation with those having GRAS status, to reach a consensus over the same. Hence, it’s important to clearly understand the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of selective beneficial Bacillus spp. had not gained much credential in general population, since the debate over probiotic vs pathogen tag of Bacillus in the research and production terrains is confusing consumers. Nonetheless, with proposed scientific evidences, commercial probiotic supplements, and functional foods comprising of Bacillus spp. Further, Bacillus strains also possess biotherapeutic potential which is connected with their ability to interact with the internal milieu of the host by producing variety of antimicrobial peptides and small extracellular effector molecules. Besides, bacilli are more stable during processing and storage of food and pharmaceutical preparations, making them more suitable candidate for health promoting formulations. are gaining interest in human health related functional food research coupled with their enhanced tolerance and survivability under hostile environment of gastrointestinal tract. The inherent ability of production of large number of secretory proteins, enzymes, antimicrobial compounds, vitamins, and carotenoids specifies the importance of bacilli in food chain. Spore-forming bacilli are being explored for the production and preservation of food for many centuries. 2Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India.1Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.Gulhane 2 Chetan Sharma 2 Harsh Panwar 2* ![]() ![]() Refer to our knowledge base articles for mapping a network drive on Windows or Mac. O For computers: Map a network drive that contains the videos and play them with media players such as VLC media player. O For mobile devices: Download a third-party player and play the videos on DS video VLC media player is available on both iOS and Android devices. Play the videos with a third-party media player.Convert the unsupported tracks: With third-party audio converters on your computer, such as XMedia Recode for Windows and Remux for Mac, convert the audio tracks to supported formats like AC3 or AAC.Try the following solutions when you encounter problems playing videos with the above-mentioned audio formats: Partial Dolby Digital audio formats, including but not limited to Dolby Digital Plus (EAC3) and Dolby TrueHD.All DTS audio formats, including but not limited to DTS and DTS-HD.Now I'm confused and trying to find a solution to it. I heard XMedia Recode is based on ffmpeg, so I installed ffmpeg and it showed the movie has DTS track as the 1st audio track. However, when I add a few movies, it only detected the AC3 stereo track. Video Station currently does not support the playback of the audio formats below owing to patent licensing issues: I tried XMedia Recode with many movies and it works fine. Why can’t I play videos with DTS or EAC3 audio format on Video Station? More information about this, including how to fix this issue, can be found here: Video Filters: Deinterlacing, Decomb, Denoise, Detelecine, Deblock, Grayscale, Colourspace, Cropping and. It’s likely the videos that can’t play are using the DTS or EAC3 audio format, which Synology doesn’t currently support due to patent licensing issues. Subtitles (VobSub, Closed Captions CEA-608, SSA, SRT) Constant Quality or Average Bitrate Video Encoding. And FYI it was not just audio… the MKV’s would not play at all…. Patent Issues!….and wished to share with you…. What I encountered was the 920+ would not play 40% of the MKV Files that worked fine from the 215J… A Ticket to Synology revealed a reason I had not read previously …. Just wished to thank you again for your advice as I replaced my DS215J with a DS920+…. 920+ Can’t Play Some Formats that the 215J Can ![]() ![]() ![]() The 7-Zip file format (also known as 7z) is a relatively new compressed archive format that, like ZIP and RAR, supports grouping and compressing multiple files and folders into a single file. IMPORTANT NOTE: Your settings will not be saved during the installation of this update. ZIP Extractor is a free app for creating and opening ZIP files on PC, Mac, Android, iPhone, and Google Drive. IMPORTANT NOTE:Your settings will not be saved during the installation of this update. StuffIt for Windows 2009 is currently not a 64-bit application, but it does install and run on an 圆4 system using the 32-bit emulator included in Windows 圆4. IMPORTANT NOTE: his patch installs a 64-bit version of the StuffIt shell extension to give StuffIt users access to the context menu feature on 64-bit versions of Windows. Version 13 圆4 Shell Extension (Deluxe 2009) 4.3MB.Version 13 Plugins (Deluxe 2009) English 15.5MB.IMPORTANT NOTE: If you are upgrading an x86 version of StuffIt 2010 from 14.0 to 14.0.1, you will first need to uninstall StuffIt using Add/Remove Progams in Window's Control Panel. In addition, once updated, the version number displayed for the application will not change to 9.0.2, but the appropriate component parts will be updated. IMPORTANT NOTE: This will only work if you have StuffIt Deluxe 9.0.1 installed. The probability for the 7zip decryption is low due to the strong AES algorithm with multiple rounds. IMPORTANT NOTE: This update INCLUDES the ugin We added 7zip on the list of files that can be recovered. 7-Zip parser can find archives in raw file. So we have recovered some of the original files, but without original names. Password-protection is supported if youre creating a new archive, with either ZipCrypto or 256-bit AES encryption. Version 15.0.4 E/G/J/C – Mac OS 10.5 103.4MB Press Extract command to extract these files. jZip is a free archive extractor that can decompress over 40 different file formats, like ones that have the 7Z, EXE, ISO, WIM, LZH, TBZ2, and ZIP file extension.We need your help to improve it :)Ĭopyright© 2008-2023 Bandisoft International Inc. This page has not been translated yet or has been machine-translated. File integrity check test to ensure whether an archive is damaged or not.A new folder will be created in Google Drive for the unzipped files ending with ' (Unzipped Files)'. Press the 'Extract' button to extract the selected files to Google Drive. Once displayed, click on any individual file inside the ZIP to view or download it. Availability of ZIP & RAR format archive comment To begin, select a ZIP file to open from Gmail, Google Drive, or your computer.Supported formats: 7Z, ACE, AES, ALZ, ARJ, BH, BIN, BR, BZ, BZ2, CAB, Compound(MSI), DAA(1.0), DEB, EGG, GZ, IMG, ISO, ISZ, LHA, LZ, LZH, LZMA, PMA, RAR, RAR5, SFX(EXE), TAR, TBZ/TBZ2, TGZ, TLZ, TXZ, UDF, WIM, XPI, XZ, Z, ZIP, ZIPX, ZPAQ, PEA, UU, UUE, XXE, ASAR, ZSTD, and NSIS.Multi-volume archive creation of ZIP/7z format.Unicode or MBCS filename for ZIP format.Supports compression of 4GB+ size files. ![]()
![]() pdf (Portable Document Format only when saved from vector programs) Vector files can be saved or edited in these formats: ![]() Vectors are ideal for large or small format prints, because rasterized designs will lose quality when resized. Both logos and icons require immense details and many size options, usually depending on their application.įor example, you might use a logo on something as small as a business card or something as large as a billboard. Vectors’ scalability make them ideal for design work consisting of logos and icons. Avoid raster-based programs, such as Adobe Photoshop, when incorporating vector elements that need to be scaled. Programs such as Adobe Illustrator or Sketch are best used to create and manipulate vector images. You must have access to vector-based programs in order to edit the native files. While a vector image file has many advantages, there are compatibility issues when shared. This comes in handy when there are restrictions to file sizes or image storage. Image via NataliaKo.Ī vector image’s formulaic makeup keeps file sizes to a minimum in comparison to its raster counterparts. Elements like fonts render the same way-when sized up or down, they retain their quality. They’re made of paths and curves dictated by mathematical formulas. These paths and curves are produced exclusively through design softwares designed for vectors, like Adobe Illustrator or Sketch.ĭue to their algorithmic makeup, vectors are infinitely scalable, and remain smooth and crisp even when sized up to massive dimensions.Įven when scaled to substantial proportions, this pattern below remains clean and exact. Vectors use a different approach to image renderings. Some files take up additional data and use higher resolutions, while others take up less storage, but tend to be lower in resolution and quality. While all of these display pixels, each file format has its own distinct display settings. Raster files are saved in various formats: Avoid using them to design logos and icons. To edit these images, you need access to raster-based programs like Adobe Photoshop or Shutterstock Editor. For design work, it’s best to use these programs for photography and imagery only. And, when these images are uploaded online, the end result is a raster image. When you take a picture with a phone or a camera, the image is recorded as pixel data. Raster images are used in photography and digital applications. Tip: You can quickly cut down file size by reducing the resolution to 72 PPI for online images. An illustration with higher DPI (dots per inch) or PPI (pixels per inch) will be larger in size and data, which can be worrisome when there are limits to image storage or restrictions on uploaded file sizes. Image via NataliaKo.ĭue to the abundance of pixels in a raster image, the file sizes can be substantial. ![]() As a rule of thumb, it’s best to only downsize a raster image to avoid heavy pixelation. Obvious pixels make an image look unprofessional and unsightly. This is a key indicator of a raster-based image. Notice how the edges of the tropical pattern below become pixelated and jagged when magnified. When you zoom in on an image, the pixels become more apparent while the details of the image become blurry. The more pixels in an image the higher the quality, and vice versa. These pixels contain bits of color and, when combined, they build images. If you surf the web, chances are you’ve seen a raster image. Raster, or bitmap, images consist of tiny squares called pixels. Do you use raster or vector images? Raster images are made up of pixels, while vector images are formed by mathematical curves and paths.īeing comfortable with the ins and outs of both formats and how they translate when exported is an essential skill for every designer. With so many images to choose from online, it can be overwhelming to determine which file formats to begin with. Do you know the difference between a raster and vector file? This quick overview will help you differentiate for an improved design workflow. ![]() |
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